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Only when there are conditions, such as dietary calcium deficiency or defects in intestinal transport, which result in a reduction of serum calcium does an overall loss of calcium from bone occur. Calcitriol also inhibits the release of calcitonin, [28] a hormone which reduces blood calcium primarily by inhibiting calcium release from bone. [25]
This latter form of vitamin D is the active hormone which stimulates calcium uptake from the intestine. [22] Via the kidney, PTH enhances the absorption of calcium in the intestine by increasing the production of activated vitamin D. Vitamin D activation occurs in the kidney.
Other effects are in preventing postprandial hypercalcemia resulting from absorption of Ca 2+. Also, calcitonin inhibits food intake in rats and monkeys, and may have CNS action involving the regulation of feeding and appetite. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium and phosphorus mainly through its inhibition of osteoclasts.
Calcium regulation in the human body. [6]The plasma ionized calcium concentration is regulated within narrow limits (1.3–1.5 mmol/L). This is achieved by both the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland, and the parathyroid glands constantly sensing (i.e. measuring) the concentration of calcium ions in the blood flowing through them.
Vitamin D increases absorption of calcium and phosphate in the intestinal tract, leading to elevated levels of plasma calcium, [4] and thus lower bone resorption. Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) is the active form of vitamin D 3. [10] It has numerous functions involved in blood calcium levels.
Sodium cellulose phosphate reduces the renal excretion of magnesium and calcium. Phosphate and oxalate were both increased in the urine, one due to intestinal hydrolysis and the other to a reduced oxalate complex. Overall, it was noted that the drug could be used to correct the increased calcium absorption that occurs in absorptive ...
Disorders of calcium metabolism occur when the body has too little or too much calcium. The serum level of calcium is closely regulated within a fairly limited range in the human body. In a healthy physiology, extracellular calcium levels are maintained within a tight range through the actions of parathyroid hormone , vitamin D and the calcium ...
It inhibits the absorption and autolysis of bones and thus leads to lowering of blood calcium. It inhibits bone salts from dissolving and transferring and promotes the excretion of calcium and phosphorus in the urine. It inhibits renal tubules from reabsorbing calcium, phosphorus and sodium and keeps blood calcium at a normal level.