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A data structure known as a hash table.. In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. [1] [2] [3] More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, [4] i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.
Here are time complexities [5] of various heap data structures. The abbreviation am. indicates that the given complexity is amortized, otherwise it is a worst-case complexity. For the meaning of "O(f)" and "Θ(f)" see Big O notation. Names of operations assume a max-heap.
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This is a list of well-known data structures. For a wider list of terms, see list of terms relating to algorithms and data structures. For a comparison of running times for a subset of this list see comparison of data structures.
ETH Zurich / N. Wirth / Books / Compilerbau: Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs (archive.org link) N. Wirth, Algorithms and Data Structures (1985 edition, updated for Oberon in August 2004. Pdf at ETH Zurich) (archive.org link) Wirth, Niklaus (2004) [updated 2014]. Algorithms and Data Structures (PDF). Oberon version with corrections and ...
Linked lists are among the simplest and most common data structures. They can be used to implement several other common abstract data types, including lists, stacks, queues, associative arrays, and S-expressions, though it is not uncommon to implement those data structures directly without using a linked list as the basis.
However, not all persistent data structures are purely functional. [1]: 16 For example, a persistent array is a data-structure which is persistent and which is implemented using an array, thus is not purely functional. [citation needed] In the book Purely functional data structures, Okasaki compares destructive updates to master chef's knives.
A binary heap is a heap data structure that takes the form of a binary tree. Binary heaps are a common way of implementing priority queues. [1]: 162–163 The binary heap was introduced by J. W. J. Williams in 1964 as a data structure for implementing heapsort. [2] A binary heap is defined as a binary tree with two additional constraints: [3]