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Continuous vortex sheet approximation by panel method. Roll-up of a vortex sheet due to an initial sinusoidal perturbation. Note that the integral in the above equation is a Cauchy principal value integral. The initial condition for a flat vortex sheet with constant strength is (,) =. The flat vortex sheet is an equilibrium solution.
The Vortex lattice method, (VLM), is a numerical method used in computational fluid dynamics, mainly in the early stages of aircraft design and in aerodynamic education at university level. The VLM models the lifting surfaces, such as a wing , of an aircraft as an infinitely thin sheet of discrete vortices to compute lift and induced drag .
Lifting line theory supposes wings that are long and thin with negligible fuselage, akin to a thin bar (the eponymous "lifting line") of span 2s driven through the fluid. . From the Kutta–Joukowski theorem, the lift L(y) on a 2-dimensional segment of the wing at distance y from the fuselage is proportional to the circulation Γ(y) about the bar a
Vortex shedding as winds pass Heard Island (bottom left) in the southern Indian Ocean resulted in this Kármán vortex street in the clouds In fluid dynamics , vortex shedding is an oscillating flow that takes place when a fluid such as air or water flows past a bluff (as opposed to streamlined) body at certain velocities, depending on the size ...
Visualisation of the vortex street behind a circular cylinder in air; the flow is made visible through release of glycerol vapour in the air near the cylinder. In fluid dynamics, a Kármán vortex street (or a von Kármán vortex street) is a repeating pattern of swirling vortices, caused by a process known as vortex shedding, which is responsible for the unsteady separation of flow of a fluid ...
Planview of a wing showing the horseshoe vortex system. The wingtip flow leaving the wing creates a tip vortex. As the main vortex sheet passes downstream from the trailing edge, it rolls up at its outer edges, merging with the tip vortices. The combination of the wingtip vortices and the vortex sheets feeding them is called the vortex wake.