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A meter is a thermodynamic system which displays some aspect of its thermodynamic state to the observer. The nature of its contact with the system it is measuring can be controlled, and it is sufficiently small that it does not appreciably affect the state of the system being measured. The theoretical thermometer described below is just such a ...
In chemistry and thermodynamics, calorimetry (from Latin calor 'heat' and Greek μέτρον (metron) 'measure') is the science or act of measuring changes in state variables of a body for the purpose of deriving the heat transfer associated with changes of its state due, for example, to chemical reactions, physical changes, or phase ...
In chemistry, IUPAC changed its definition of standard temperature and pressure in 1982: [1] [2] Until 1982, STP was defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of exactly 1 atm (101.325 kPa).
It is one of the measurement devices used in the study of thermodynamics, chemistry, and biochemistry. To find the enthalpy change per mole of a substance A in a reaction between two substances A and B, the substances are separately added to a calorimeter and the initial and final temperatures (before the reaction has started and after it has ...
Heat meter uses a thermometer to measure rate of heat flow. Thermostats have used bimetallic strips but digital thermistors have since become popular. Alcohol thermometers , infrared thermometers , mercury-in-glass thermometers, recording thermometers , thermistors , and Six's thermometers (maximum-minimum thermometer) are used in meteorology ...
Thermodynamics applies to a wide variety of topics in science and engineering, especially physical chemistry, biochemistry, chemical engineering and mechanical engineering, but also in other complex fields such as meteorology.
The second was the 1933 book Modern Thermodynamics by the methods of Willard Gibbs written by E. A. Guggenheim. In this manner, Lewis, Randall, and Guggenheim are considered as the founders of modern chemical thermodynamics because of the major contribution of these two books in unifying the application of thermodynamics to chemistry. [1]
Action describes energy summed up over the time a process lasts (time integral over energy). Its dimension is the same as that of an angular momentum.. A phototube provides a voltage measurement which permits the calculation of the quantized action (Planck constant) of light.