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A speculative representation of Antarctica labelled as ' Terra Australis Incognita ' on Jan Janssonius's Zeekaart van het Zuidpoolgebied (1657), Het Scheepvaartmuseum The name given to the continent originates from the word antarctic, which comes from Middle French antartique or antarctique (' opposite to the Arctic ') and, in turn, the Latin antarcticus (' opposite to the north ').
The wildlife of Antarctica are extremophiles, having adapted to the dryness, low temperatures, and high exposure common in Antarctica. The extreme weather of the interior contrasts to the relatively mild conditions on the Antarctic Peninsula and the subantarctic islands , which have warmer temperatures and more liquid water.
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Antarctica contains research stations and field camps that are staffed seasonally or year-round, and former whaling settlements. [1] Approximately 12 nations, all signatory to the Antarctic Treaty , send personnel to perform seasonal (summer) or year-round research on the continent and in its surrounding oceans.
Two temperature records were set on February 6, one in each hemisphere, one for warmth, the other for mind-numbing cold. On Feb. 6, 2020, five years ago, Antarctica set its all-time record high of ...
Revealing climate secrets hidden inside the bodies of whales. Ozone hole: Why Antarctic wildlife is being 'sunburnt' Trouble in Arctic town as people and polar bears face a warming world
Antarctica was also part of the ancient supercontinent of Gondwanaland, which gradually broke up by continental drift starting 110 million years ago. The separation of South America from Antarctica 30–35 million years ago allowed the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to form, which isolated Antarctica climatically and caused it to become much colder.
Antarctica is the southernmost continent on Earth. While Antarctica has never had a permanent human population, it has been explored by various groups, and many locations on and around the continent have been described. This page lists notable places in and immediately surrounding the Antarctic continent, including geographic features, bodies ...