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Betel nut chewing, also called betel quid chewing or areca nut chewing, is a practice in which areca nuts (also called "betel nuts") are chewed together with slaked lime and betel leaves for their stimulant and narcotic effects, the primary psychoactive compound being arecoline.
Gutka street vendor, India. Gutka, ghutka, guṭkha is a type of betel quid and chewing tobacco preparation made of crushed areca nut (also called betel nut), tobacco, catechu, paraffin wax, slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and sweet or savory flavourings, in India, Pakistan, other Asian countries, and North America.
Betel leaves are also used as to wrap betel quid for chewing, which also contains the toxic and mildly narcotic areca nut. [16] Habitual use of this popular product (sometimes inaccurately referred to as "betel nut") damages the oral cavity and is associated with a wide range of adverse systemic health effects, including harm to the ...
Betel nut chewing is addictive due to the presence of the stimulant arecoline, and causes adverse health effects, mainly oral and esophageal cancers, and cardiovascular disease. When chewed with additional tobacco in its preparation (like in gutka ), there is an even higher risk, especially for oral and oropharyngeal cancers .
Stall selling betel quid Chewing betel quid (paan) and Areca nut -based products is known to be a strong risk factor for developing oral cancer even in the absence of tobacco. It doubles the risk of oral cancer 2.1 times [ 20 ] and when chewed with additional tobacco in its preparation (like in gutka ), there is an even higher risk.
Mava, also known as Maava or Mawa, (Hindi: मावा) is a form of smokeless tobacco that combines tobacco with ingredients like betel nut and lime, forming a concoction. [1] Studies indicate that it is one of the most dangerous forms of chewing tobacco. [2]
Critics have long argued that while studying the effects of Red Dye No. 3 in humans poses ethical and scientific challenges, its ban in cosmetics should have logically extended to the food supply.
An appearance termed Betel chewer's mucosa describes morsicatio buccarum with red-staining of mucosa due to betel quid ingredients. [3] In Scandinavian countries, snus , a variant of dry snuff, is sometimes used. [ 6 ]