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The United States defines spaceflight as any flight reaching an altitude of 50 miles, while the FAI definition requires an altitude of 100 kilometers. During the 1960s, 13 crewed flights of the U.S. North American X-15 rocket plane met the U.S. criteria, of which only two met the FAI's. This article's primary list includes only the latter two ...
This is a list of all crewed spaceflights throughout history. Beginning in 1961 with the flight of Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1, crewed spaceflight occurs when a human crew flies a spacecraft into outer space. Human spaceflight is distinguished from spaceflight generally, which entails both crewed and uncrewed spacecraft.
Maiden flights: Atlas-Agena Molniya Scout Thor DM-18 Able-IV Thor DM-21 Ablestar ... Orbital launch attempts by country in 1960: Country Launches Successes Failures
First crewed flight End date No. of crewed missions launched Notes Mercury program: 1958 1961: 1963: 6: First U.S. crewed program Gemini program: 1961 1965: 1966: 10: Program used to practice space rendezvous and EVAs: Apollo program: 1960 1968: 1972: 11: Landed first humans on the Moon Skylab: 1964 1973: 1974: 3: First American space station ...
Notable test flights of spaceflight systems may be listed even if they were not planned to reach space. Some lists are further divided into orbital launches (sending a payload into orbit, whether successful or not) and suborbital flights (e.g. ballistic missiles, sounding rockets, experimental spacecraft).
Space traveller Soviet Union United States: Rockets; Maiden flights: Atlas LV-3A Agena-B Kosmos-2I 63S1 Saturn I (suborbital test) Retirements: Atlas LV-3A Agena-A Juno II: Crewed flights; Orbital: 2: Suborbital: 2: Total travellers: 4
On April 12, 1961, the USSR opened the era of crewed spaceflight, with the flight of the first cosmonaut (Russian name for space travelers), Yuri Gagarin. Gagarin's flight, part of the Soviet Vostok space exploration program, took 108 minutes and consisted of a single orbit of the Earth.
He stayed with the space program, accepting the position of Chief of the Astronaut Office, until an experimental corrective surgery cured him, and he was returned to flight status in May 1969. In 1971, he commanded Apollo 14 , the third crewed lunar landing mission, and became the fifth and oldest man to walk on the Moon.