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The volume or weight loss is initially curvilinear. The wear rate per unit sliding distance in the transient wear regime decreases until it has reached a constant value in the steady-state wear regime. Hence the standard wear coefficient value obtained from a volume loss versus distance curve is a function of the sliding distance. [3]
In a 1961 paper, P. C. Paris introduced the idea that the rate of crack growth may depend on the stress intensity factor. [4] Then in their 1963 paper, Paris and Erdogan indirectly suggested the equation with the aside remark "The authors are hesitant but cannot resist the temptation to draw the straight line slope 1/4 through the data" after reviewing data on a log-log plot of crack growth ...
A weight function is a mathematical device used when performing a sum, integral, or average to give some elements more "weight" or influence on the result than other elements in the same set. The result of this application of a weight function is a weighted sum or weighted average .
Ordinary least squares regression of Okun's law.Since the regression line does not miss any of the points by very much, the R 2 of the regression is relatively high.. In statistics, the coefficient of determination, denoted R 2 or r 2 and pronounced "R squared", is the proportion of the variation in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable(s).
A weighting curve is a graph of a set of factors, that are used to 'weight' measured values of a variable according to their importance in relation to some outcome. An important example is frequency weighting in sound level measurement where a specific set of weighting curves known as A-, B-, C-, and D-weighting as defined in IEC 61672 [1] are used.
A commonly used weighting is the A-weighting curve, which results in units of dBA sound pressure level. Because the frequency response of human hearing varies with loudness, the A-weighting curve is correct only at a level of 40- phon and other curves known as B- , C- and D-weighting are also used, the latter being particularly intended for the ...
Overview of the temperature and pressure dependence of the compressibility factor for N 2. The figure on the right shows an overview covering a wide temperature range. At low temperature (100 K), the curve has a characteristic check-mark shape, the rising portion of the curve is very nearly directly proportional to pressure.
A variety of crack growth equations similar to the Paris–Erdogan equation have been developed to include factors that affect the crack growth rate such as stress ratio, overloads and load history effects. The stress intensity range can be calculated from the maximum and minimum stress intensity for a cycle