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Tomato plants are vines, becoming decumbent, and can grow up to 3 m (9.8 ft); bush varieties are generally no more than 100 cm (3 ft 3 in) tall. They are tender perennials, often grown as annuals. [40] [41] Tomato plants are dicots. They grow as a series of branching stems, with a terminal bud at the tip that does the actual growing.
Solanum is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance: the potato, the tomato and the eggplant (aubergine, brinjal). It is the largest genus in the nightshade family Solanaceae , comprising around 1,500 species.
Celebrity tomatoes are resistant to Verticillium Wilt, a fungal disease which causes a yellow colour to plant leaves and eventually causes the leaves to wilt and die. [19] It is also resistant to Fusarium Wilt which is a fungus found in the soil that infects the roots of plants, stopping plant growth and causing leaf necrosis. [ 11 ]
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The Brandywine tomato plant has unusual potato leaf-shaped foliage, with smooth, oval, pointy tipped leaves.Its sandwich-sized fruit can grow up to 1.5 lbs (0.7 kg) and has been described as having a "great tomatoey flavor", [1] offset by an appealing acidity.
Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison created by various plants in the genus Solanum, such as the potato plant. When the plant's stem, tubers, or leaves are exposed to sunlight, it stimulates the biosynthesis of solanine and other glycoalkaloids as a defense mechanism so it is not eaten. [12] It is therefore considered to be a natural pesticide.
Alternaria solani is a fungal pathogen that produces a disease in tomato and potato plants called early blight. The pathogen produces distinctive "bullseye" patterned leaf spots and can also cause stem lesions and fruit rot on tomato and tuber blight on potato. Despite the name "early", foliar symptoms usually occur on older leaves. [3]
Solanum carolinense, the Carolina horsenettle, [2] is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to the southeastern United States, though its range has expanded throughout much of temperate North America. [3]