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CAMP test is shown at bottom left. The CAMP test (Christie–Atkins–Munch-Petersen) is a test to identify group B β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) [1] [2] based on their formation of a substance, CAMP factor, [3] that enlarges the area of hemolysis formed by the β-hemolysin elaborated from Staphylococcus aureus.
[6] [12] [13] Nevertheless, GBS-like colonies that develop in chromogenic media should be confirmed as GBS using additional reliable tests (e.g.latex agglutination or the CAMP test) to avoid potential misidentification. [6] [8] A summary of the laboratory techniques for GBS identification is depicted in Ref. [6]
This phenomenon is the mechanism behind the CAMP test, [2] a test that was historically used for the identification of Streptococcus agalactiae and Listeria monocytogenes. [3] A modified version of this test called the reverse CAMP test, utilizing S. agalactiae instead of S. aureus, can also be used to identify Clostridium perfringens.
[8] [9] The CAMP test is also another important test for identification of GBS. The CAMP factor produced by GBS acts synergistically with the staphylococcal β-hemolysin inducing enhanced hemolysis of sheep or bovine erythrocytes. [8] GBS is also able to hydrolyze hippurate and this test can also be used to identify presumptively GBS. [8]
The reverse CAMP test utilizes the synergetic hemolytic abilities of the CAMP factor produced by Streptococcus agalactiae with the α-toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens. Streaking these two organisms perpendicular to each other on a blood agar plate will yield a “bow-tie” clearing of the blood agar by the hemolytic capabilities of ...
Streptococcus pyogenes, or GAS, displays beta hemolysis. Some weakly beta-hemolytic species cause intense hemolysis when grown together with a strain of Staphylococcus. This is called the CAMP test. Streptococcus agalactiae displays this property. Clostridium perfringens can be identified presumptively with this test.
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Group A streptococcal infections are a number of infections with Streptococcus pyogenes, a group A streptococcus (GAS). [1] S. pyogenes is a species of beta-hemolytic Gram-positive bacteria that is responsible for a wide range of infections that are mostly common and fairly mild.