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Spider ballooning structures. Black, thick points represent the spider's body. Black lines represent ballooning threads. [63] Many small animals, mainly arthropods (such as insects and spiders), are also carried upwards into the atmosphere by air currents and may be found floating several thousand feet up.
Most ballooning journeys end after just a few meters of travel, although depending on the spider's mass and posture, [16] a spider might be taken up into a jet stream. The trajectory further depends on the convection air currents and the drag of the silk and parachute to float and travel high up into the upper atmosphere. [17]
Ballooning is a term used for the mechanical kiting [16] [17] that many spiders, especially small species such as Erigone atra, [18] as well as certain mites and some caterpillars use to disperse through the air. Some spiders have been detected in atmospheric data balloons collecting air samples at slightly less than 5 km (16,000 ft) above sea ...
The stratosphere is the second-lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. It lies above the troposphere and is separated from it by the tropopause. This layer extends from the top of the troposphere at roughly 12 km (7.5 mi; 39,000 ft) above Earth's surface to the stratopause at an altitude of about 50 to 55 km (31 to 34 mi; 164,000 to 180,000 ft).
One large-scale exception to effective mixing is the ozone layer, centered at about 20 - 30 km (12.5 - 19 mi) in altitude, where the concentration of O 3 is much higher than in the rest of the atmosphere. [4] This is due to incoming ultraviolet light, which turns O 2 into O 3. This created ozone itself blocks most ultraviolet light from ...
Female Joro spiders are brightly-colored and its adult body can be more than an inch-long with a four-inch leg span. Male Joro spiders are brown, and grow to about a quarter of an inch.
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The layers are to scale. From the Earth's surface to the top of the stratosphere (50km) is just under 1% of Earth's radius. The exosphere is a thin, atmosphere-like volume surrounding a planet or natural satellite where molecules are gravitationally bound to that body, but where the density is so low that the molecules are essentially collision ...