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A wheelset is a pair of railroad vehicle wheels mounted rigidly on an axle allowing both wheels to rotate together. Wheelsets are often mounted in a bogie (" truck " in North America ) – a pivoted frame assembly holding at least two wheelsets – at each end of the vehicle.
The main notations are the Whyte notation (based on counting the wheels), the AAR wheel arrangement notation (based on counting either the axles or the bogies), and the UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements (based on counting either the axles or the bogies).
The UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements, sometimes known as the German classification [1] or German system, [2] [3] describes the wheel arrangement of locomotives, multiple units and trams.
The small rail wheels fitted to road–rail vehicles allow them to be stowed away when the vehicle is in road-going mode. Wheels used for road–rail vehicles are normally smaller than those found on other types of rolling stock, such as locomotives or carriages, because the wheel has to be stowed clear of the ground when the vehicle is in road-going mode.
An axlebox, also known as a journal box in North America, is the mechanical subassembly on each end of the axles under a railway wagon, coach or locomotive; it contains bearings and thus transfers the wagon, coach or locomotive weight to the wheels and rails; the bearing design is typically oil-bathed plain bearings on older rolling stock, or roller bearings on newer rolling stock.
Bogies allow the wheelsets to more closely follow the direction of the rails when travelling around a curve in the railroad. Displacements of a bogie. Bogies serve a number of purposes: [6] Support of the rail vehicle body; Stability on both straight and curved track
The AAR wheel arrangement system is a method of classifying locomotive (or unit) wheel arrangements that was developed by the Association of American Railroads.Essentially a simplification of the European UIC classification, it is widely used in North America to describe diesel and electric locomotives (including third-rail electric locomotives).
A selection of early 20th century locomotive types according to their Whyte notation and their comparative size Whyte notation from a handbook for railroad industry workers published in 1906 [1] The Whyte notation is a classification method for steam locomotives , and some internal combustion locomotives and electric locomotives , by wheel ...