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An octane rating, or octane number, is a standard measure of a fuel's ability to withstand compression in an internal combustion engine without causing engine knocking.The higher the octane number, the more compression the fuel can withstand before detonating.
Octane is a hydrocarbon and also an alkane with the chemical formula C 8 H 18, and the condensed structural formula CH 3 (CH 2) 6 CH 3. Octane has many structural isomers that differ by the location of branching in the carbon chain .
Molecular weights of the species in the representative octane combustion are 114, 32, 44, and 18 for C 8 H 18, O 2, CO 2, and H 2 O, respectively; therefore one kilogram (2.2 lb) of fuel reacts with 3.51 kilograms (7.7 lb) of oxygen to produce 3.09 kilograms (6.8 lb) of carbon dioxide and 1.42 kilograms (3.1 lb) of water.
The combustion of a stoichiometric mixture of fuel and oxidizer (e.g. two moles of hydrogen and one mole of oxygen) in a steel container at 25 °C (77 °F) is initiated by an ignition device and the reactions allowed to complete. When hydrogen and oxygen react during combustion, water vapor is produced.
Most computerized databases will create a table of thermodynamic values using the values from the datafile. For MgCl 2 (c,l,g) at 1 atm pressure: Thermodynamic properties table for MgCl 2 (c,l,g), from the FREED datafile. Some values have truncated significant figures for display purposes. The table format is a common way to display ...
Internal combustion (gasoline, diesel and gas turbine-Brayton cycle engines) and; External combustion engines (steam piston, steam turbine, and the Stirling cycle engine). Each of these engines has thermal efficiency characteristics that are unique to it. Engine efficiency, transmission design, and tire design all contribute to a vehicle's fuel ...
The closest will be the hottest part of a flame, where the combustion reaction is most efficient. This also assumes complete combustion (e.g. perfectly balanced, non-smoky, usually bluish flame). Several values in the table significantly disagree with the literature [1] or predictions by online calculators.
Burn rate (typically expressed in mm/s or in/s) is the sample length over time at a given pressure and temperature. For solid fuel propellant, the most common method of measuring burn rate is the Crawford Type Strand Burning Rate Bomb System [ 3 ] (also known as the Crawford Burner or Strand Burner), as described in MIL-STD-286C.