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However, randomized trials like the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) [22] and the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (ATBC Study) [23] revealed not only a lack of benefit but an increased risk of cancer, particularly lung cancer among smokers. These findings prompted a reevaluation of antioxidant ...
The study was done using supplements and researchers were aware of the epidemiological correlation between carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables and lower lung cancer rates. The research concluded that no reduction in lung cancer was found in the participants using these supplements, and furthermore, these supplements may, in fact, have harmful ...
β-Carotene (beta-carotene) is an organic, strongly colored red-orange pigment abundant in fungi, [7] plants, and fruits. It is a member of the carotenes , which are terpenoids (isoprenoids), synthesized biochemically from eight isoprene units and thus having 40 carbons .
While the research at UCSF and NYU is promising, it’s unclear why, in 2024, they are some of the first and only studies to focus on Asian American women with lung cancer. On one level, it’s an ...
High doses of some antioxidants may have harmful long-term effects. The Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) study of lung cancer patients found that smokers given supplements containing beta-carotene and vitamin A had increased rates of lung cancer. [141] Subsequent studies confirmed these adverse effects. [142]
These trials were implemented because observational studies had reported a lower incidence of lung cancer in tobacco smokers who had diets higher in β-carotene. Unexpectedly, high-dose β-carotene or retinol supplementation resulted in a higher incidence of lung cancer and of total mortality due to cardiac mortality.
Beta-Carotene supplementation increases lung cancer rates in those who are high risk. [157] Folic acid supplementation is not effective in preventing colon cancer and may increase colon polyps. [158] Selenium supplementation has not been shown to reduce the risk of cancer. [159]
Epidemiological studies have shown that people with high β-carotene intake and high plasma levels of β-carotene have a significantly reduced risk of lung cancer [citation needed]. However, studies of supplementation with large doses of β-carotene in smokers have shown an increase in cancer risk, possibly because excessive β-carotene results ...