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The cast iron cylinder heads are a cross-flow design with wedge-shaped combustion chambers and a single spark plug. In early versions of the engine the inlet and exhaust valves were arranged in a "mirrored" configuration around a longitudinal midpoint in each head i.e. I-E-I-E-E-I-E-I.
Cylinder head porting refers to the process of modifying the intake and exhaust ports of an internal combustion engine to improve their air flow. Cylinder heads, as manufactured, are usually suboptimal for racing applications due to being designed for maximum durability. Ports can be modified for maximum power, minimum fuel consumption, or a ...
The '151E' engine used 4 valves per cylinder. [citation needed] The '100E' engine used twin spark plugs with 2 valves per cylinder but was used mainly by a Toyota works team. [citation needed] Italy Nova Corporation produced a 2.0 L engine based on the 2T-G that was used in most of the world F3 cars for a long time. [16] [17] [18] [19]
Historically, many car model names have included their engine displacement. Examples include the 1923–1930 Cadillac Series 353 (powered by a 353 Cubic inch/5.8-litre engine), and the 1963–1968 BMW 1800 (a 1.8-litre engine) and Lexus LS 400 with a 3,968 cc engine.
Originally developed in 1959 for the Ford Anglia, it is an in-line four-cylinder overhead valve (OHV) pushrod engine with a cast-iron cylinder head and block. The Kent family can be divided into three basic sub-families; the original pre-Crossflow Kent, the Crossflow (the most prolific of all versions of the Kent), and the transverse mounted ...
A flow bench is one of the primary tools of high performance engine builders, and porting cylinder heads would be strictly hit or miss without it. A flow bench consists of an air pump of some sort, a metering element, pressure and temperature measuring instruments such as manometers, and various controls. The test piece is attached in series ...
The Koenigsegg TFG is an inline-3 engine. The TFG stands for "Tiny Friendly Giant." It is a Freevalve (camless piston engine), thus it does not have a camshaft.Instead it uses electro-hydraulic-pneumatic actuators that allow it to open each valve (both intake and exhaust) independently to maximise performance and minimise fuel consumption depending on driving conditions.
Absolute cylinder pressure is used to calculate the dynamic compression ratio, using the following formula: = where is a polytropic value for the ratio of specific heats for the combustion gases at the temperatures present (this compensates for the temperature rise caused by compression, as well as heat lost to the cylinder)