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Kinematics is a subfield of physics and mathematics, developed in classical mechanics, that describes the motion of points, bodies (objects), and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without considering the forces that cause them to move.
The configuration space and the phase space of the dynamical system both are Euclidean spaces, i. e. they are equipped with a Euclidean structure.The Euclidean structure of them is defined so that the kinetic energy of the single multidimensional particle with the unit mass = is equal to the sum of kinetic energies of the three-dimensional particles with the masses , …,:
In physics and engineering, kinetics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the relationship between the motion and its causes, specifically, forces and torques. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Since the mid-20th century, the term " dynamics " (or " analytical dynamics ") has largely superseded "kinetics" in physics textbooks, [ 4 ...
Newton's laws are often stated in terms of point or particle masses, that is, bodies whose volume is negligible. This is a reasonable approximation for real bodies when the motion of internal parts can be neglected, and when the separation between bodies is much larger than the size of each.
For extended objects composed of many particles, the kinetic energy of the composite body is the sum of the kinetic energies of the particles. The work–energy theorem states that for a particle of constant mass m, the total work W done on the particle as it moves from position r 1 to r 2 is equal to the change in kinetic energy E k of the ...
In the physical science of dynamics, rigid-body dynamics studies the movement of systems of interconnected bodies under the action of external forces.The assumption that the bodies are rigid (i.e. they do not deform under the action of applied forces) simplifies analysis, by reducing the parameters that describe the configuration of the system to the translation and rotation of reference ...
The two-body problem is solved by formulas involving parameters; their values can be changed to study the class of all solutions, that is, the mathematical structure of the problem. Moreover, an accurate mental or drawn picture can be made for the motion of two bodies, and it can be as real and accurate as the real bodies moving and interacting.
The theory is based on two postulates: (1) that the mathematical forms of the laws of physics are invariant in all inertial systems; and (2) that the speed of light in vacuum is constant and independent of the source or observer. Reconciling the two postulates requires a unification of space and time into the frame-dependent concept of spacetime.