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Hydroxocobalamin, also known as vitamin B 12a and hydroxycobalamin, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. [1] As a supplement it is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia. [1] [2] Other uses include treatment for cyanide poisoning, Leber's optic atrophy, and toxic amblyopia.
"B12" and "Cbl" redirect here. For other uses of B12, see B12 (disambiguation). For the musical group, see Carbon Based Lifeforms. Pharmaceutical compound Vitamin B12 General skeletal formula of cobalamins Stick model of cyanocobalamin (R = CN) based on the crystal structure Clinical data Other names Vitamin B12, vitamin B-12, cobalamin AHFS / Drugs.com Monograph MedlinePlus a605007 License ...
Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B 12 used to treat and prevent vitamin B 12 deficiency except in the presence of cyanide toxicity. [7] [8] [2] The deficiency may occur in pernicious anemia, following surgical removal of the stomach, with fish tapeworm, or due to bowel cancer.
Vitamin B 12 cannot be produced by the human body, and must be obtained from the diet. [2] The body normally gets enough vitamin B 12 from the consumption of foods from animal sources. [ 2 ] Inadequate dietary intake of animal products such as eggs, meat, milk, fish, fowl (and some types of edible algae) can result in a deficiency state. [ 135 ]
Pernicious anemia can be treated with injections of vitamin B 12. [7] If the symptoms are serious, frequent injections are typically recommended initially. [7] There are not enough studies that pills are effective in improving or eliminating symptoms. [12] Often, treatment may be needed for life. [13]
They are given by injection. [2] Common side effects may include joint pain, rash, vomiting, and headache. [4] Serious side effects may include heart attacks, stroke, increased cancer growth, or pure red cell aplasia. [2] It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. [5] [6] They work similar to naturally occurring erythropoietin. [1]