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The exact mechanism responsible for the possible increased risk of diabetes mellitus associated with statin use is unclear. [105] However, recent findings have indicated the inhibition of HMGCoAR as a key mechanism. [109] Statins are thought to decrease cells' uptake of glucose from the bloodstream in response to the hormone insulin. [105]
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), also known as farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), is the precursor to all sesquiterpenes, which comprises thousand of compounds. [1] These include all sesquiterpenes as well as sterols and carotenoids . [ 2 ]
The long side-chain (R 2 in the diagram) determines the chemical properties, the mode of action and the strength of bisphosphonate drugs. The short side-chain (R 1), often called the 'hook', mainly influences chemical properties and pharmacokinetics. See nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous sections in Mechanism of action below.
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
Steroidogenesis inhibitors are analogous in effect and use to antigonadotropins (which specifically inhibit gonadal sex steroid production), but work via a different mechanism of action; whereas antigonadotropins suppress gonadal production of sex steroids by effecting negative feedback on and thereby suppressing the hypothalamic–pituitary ...
The structure and mechanism of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), a type of geranyltranstransferase, is well characterized. FPPS is a ~30 kDa Mg 2+ dependent homodimeric enzyme that synthesizes (E, E)-farnesyl pyrophosphate in a successive manner from two equivalents of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP).
Part of the power of statins lies in the fact that they cause few side effects. “Generally, about 90 out of 100 people have no trouble with a stain,” says Dr. Blumenthal. These Are the Statin ...
The product of HMG CoA reductase is mevalonate. By combining precursors with 5 carbons, the pathway subsequently produces geranyl pyrophosphate (10 carbons), farnesyl pyrophosphate (15 carbons) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (20 carbons). Two farnesyl pyrophosphate groups can also be combined to form squalene, the precursor for cholesterol.