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The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS) program provides data about the development of children in the United States. [1] It is carried out by the Institute of Education Sciences. It provides data on children's status at birth and at various points thereafter.
A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over long periods of time (i.e., uses longitudinal data). It is often a type of observational study, although it can also be structured as longitudinal randomized experiment. [1]
Numerous studies indicate impaired development, while many others find no effect of depression on development. [163] [164] A study of 18-month-olds whose mothers had depressive symptoms while the children were 6 weeks and/or 6 months old found that maternal depression had no effect on the child's cognitive development. Furthermore, the study ...
Early childhood development is the period of rapid physical, psychological and social growth and change that begins before birth and extends into early childhood. [1] While early childhood is not well defined, one source asserts that the early years begin in utero and last until 3 years of age. [1]
Whether or not normal intelligence increases or decreases with age depends on the measure and study. Longitudinal studies show that perceptual speed, inductive reasoning, and spatial orientation decline. [152] An article on adult cognitive development reports that cross-sectional studies show that "some abilities remained stable into early old ...
It has been found that in their earliest school years, poor children lag behind others, suggesting they were ill-prepared for schooling. [1] The Abecedarian project was inspired by the fact that few other early childhood programs could provide a sufficiently well-controlled environment to determine the effectiveness of early childhood training.
“Longitudinal cohort studies tracking the mental health of individuals taking antipsychotics over time compared to controls will provide valuable information, but would take years to complete.“
Evidence shows that education and intelligence have a complex interaction, and this is demonstrated in a longitudinal study by Richards and Sacker. [9] They collected data from the British 1946 birth cohort and investigated how childhood intelligence was predictive of other outcomes later in life including educational attainment and mental ability at 53 years old (using the National Adult ...