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The pharmacology of estradiol, an estrogen medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone, concerns its pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and various routes of administration. [1] [2] [3] Estradiol is a naturally occurring and bioidentical estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like endogenous ...
Estradiol levels on the first day after single dose of 0.25 mg buccal estradiol or at steady state after the last dose with 0.25 mg buccal estradiol twice daily once every 12 hours (0.5 mg/day total) in 6 postmenopausal women. [142] Estradiol has been studied for use by buccal administration.
Upload file; Search. Search. ... Download as PDF; Printable version ... move to sidebar hide. Pharmacology of estradiol can be divided into: Pharmacodynamics of ...
Estradiol is an estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptors (ERs), the ERα Tooltip estrogen receptor alpha and ERβ Tooltip estrogen receptor beta. [11] It is also an agonist of membrane estrogen receptors (mERs), including the GPER Tooltip G protein-coupled estrogen receptor , G q -mER Tooltip Gq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor , ER ...
The risk of VTE with estradiol/nomegestrol acetate birth control pills is under study. [11] Incidence of irregular vaginal bleeding may be higher with estradiol-containing birth control pills in relation to the fact that estradiol is a weaker estrogen than ethinylestradiol in the endometrium. [3]
Estradiol is not produced in the gonads only; in particular, fat cells produce active precursors to estradiol, and will continue to do so even after menopause. [51] Estradiol is also produced in the brain and in arterial walls. In men, approximately 15 to 25% of circulating estradiol is produced in the testicles.
Estradiol acetate is a synthetic estrane steroid and the C3 acetate ester of estradiol. [3] It is also known as estradiol 3-acetate or as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol 3-acetate. [3] Another common ester of estradiol in use for oral administration is estradiol valerate, which is a C17β ester of estradiol. [8] [23]
Estradiol dipropionate is an estradiol ester, or a prodrug of estradiol. [4] [5] As such, it is an estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptors. [4] [5] Estradiol dipropionate is of about 41% higher molecular weight than estradiol due to the presence of its C3 and C17β propionate esters.