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  2. Cosmology in the Muslim world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmology_in_the_Muslim_world

    Debate over the shape of the earth raged on in the medieval Islamic world, including among Kalam theologians. [ 13 ] The Tusi-couple is a mathematical device invented by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi in which a small circle rotates inside a larger circle twice the diameter of the smaller circle .

  3. History of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islam

    The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.

  4. Mahdi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahdi

    661–680), the term acquired a new meaning of a ruler who would restore Islam to its perfect form and restore justice after oppression. Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr , who laid claim to the caliphate against the Umayyads and found temporary success during the civil war, presented himself in this role.

  5. Al-Masih ad-Dajjal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal

    ' the rightly guided one ') is the redeemer according to Islam. [20] Just like the Dajjal, [1] the Mahdi is never mentioned in the Quran but his description can be found in the ḥadīth literature; [20] according to the Islamic eschatological narrative, he will appear on Earth before the Day of Judgment.

  6. Symbols of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbols_of_Islam

    The number 4 is a very important number in Islam with many significations: Eid-al-Adha lasts for four days from the 10th to the 14th of Dhul Hijja; there were four Caliphs; there were four Archangels; there are four months in which war is not permitted in Islam; when a woman's husband dies she is to wait for four months and ten days; the Rub el ...

  7. Jesus in Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam

    Islam teaches that Jesus' original message was altered (taḥrīf) after his being raised alive. The monotheism (tawḥīd) of Jesus is emphasized in the Quran. Like all prophets in Islam, Jesus is also called a Muslim (lit. submitter [to God]), as he preached that his followers should adopt the 'straight path' (Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm). Jesus ...

  8. Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam

    Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, [9] the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.

  9. Kaaba - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaba

    'going about') is one of the Islamic rituals of pilgrimage and is compulsory during both the Hajj and Umrah. Pilgrims go around the Kaaba (the most sacred site in Islam) seven times in a counterclockwise direction; the first three at a hurried pace on the outer part of the Mataaf and the latter four times closer to the Kaaba at a leisurely pace ...