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[1] [2] Cleft lip and cleft palate can often be diagnosed during pregnancy with an ultrasound exam. [1] A cleft lip or palate can be successfully treated with surgery. [1] This is often done in the first few months of life for cleft lip and before eighteen months for cleft palate. [1] Speech therapy and dental care may also be needed. [1]
Within craniofacial disorders and abnormalities, orofacial clefts, and specifically cleft lip (CL) and cleft palate (CP) are the most common in humans. [9] Occurrences of CL/P are most often (around seventy percent of cases) isolated and nonsyndromic, meaning they are not associated with a syndrome or inherited genetic conditions.
Maxillary hypoplasia is the most common secondary deformity that results from cleft lip and cleft palate. Because of the subjective nature of the diagnosis, the incidence of maxillary hypoplasia in people with cleft lip and palate varies between 15-50%. It is estimated that 25-50% of these patients require surgical intervention. [7]
Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common occurring multi-factorial congenital disorder occurring in 1 in 500–1000 live births in several forms. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The most common form is combined cleft lip and palate and it accounts for approximately 50% of cases, whereas isolated cleft lip concerns 20% of the patients.
However, when growth of the mandibular process is impeded, a lip pit occurs. Lip pits begin to develop on day 36. Cleft lip begins to develop on day 40, and cleft palate emerges on day 50 of development. [3] There are three types of lip pits, which are classified according to their location: midline upper, comissural, and lower lip.
A cleft palate is one of the most common causes of VPI. Cleft palate is an anatomical abnormality that occurs in utero and is present at birth. This malformation can affect the lip and palate, or the palate only. A cleft palate can affect the mobility of the velopharyngeal valve, thereby resulting in VPI. [citation needed]
Cleft lip may be surgically corrected. Generally surgeons repair the lip when the child is still an infant. A second surgery is sometimes necessary for cosmetic purposes when the child is older. Cleft palate may be repaired by surgery or covered by an artificial device (prosthesis) that closes or blocks the opening.
In ICD-10-CM, cleft lip is encoded by Q36.0-Q36.9; cleft palate by Q35.7-Q35.9; and cleft lip with cleft palate by Q37.8-Q37.9. Because ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM systems are very generic and do not adequately convey the complexity of the various forms of CL/P, modifications to these coding systems were developed for use in epidemiologic ...