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The CD4 T-cell count is not an HIV test, but rather a procedure where the number of CD4 T-cells in the blood is determined. A CD4 count does not check for the presence of HIV. It is used to monitor immune system function in HIV-positive people. Declining CD4 T-cell counts are considered to be a marker of progression of HIV infection.
Considerable variation exists in the relative risk of death following different AIDS defining clinical conditions. According to the US CDC definition, one has AIDS if he/she is infected with HIV and present with one of the following: A CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/μl (or a CD4+ T-cell percentage of total lymphocytes of less than 14%) OR
CD4 testing shows the strength of the immune system, but does not report viral activity. As established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a person with HIV and a CD4 count below 200 or a CD4 percentage below 14% is considered to have AIDS. [5] An increased CD4 count can result from an immune response to an infection or a ...
A CD4 count of less than 200/μL [30] The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also created a classification system for HIV, and updated it in 2008 and 2014. [115] [116] This system classifies HIV infections based on CD4 count and clinical symptoms, and describes the infection in five groups. [116]
These agent(s) will discontinue after 12 months only if the person does not have any symptoms that will be concerning for persistent Mycobacterium avium complex disease and their CD4 count is above 100 cells/mm 3, and while their HIV viral load is undetectable for at least six months while taking antiretroviral therapy. N/A
The latency stage involves few or no symptoms and can last anywhere from two weeks to twenty years or more, depending on the individual. AIDS, the final stage of HIV infection, is defined by low CD4+ T cell counts (fewer than 200 per μL), various opportunistic infections, cancers, and other conditions.
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare medical syndrome in which the body has too few CD4 + T lymphocytes, which are a kind of white blood cell. [2] ICL is sometimes characterized as "HIV-negative AIDS", though, in fact, its clinical presentation differs somewhat from that seen with HIV/AIDS. [ 3 ]
Medical professionals refer to the CD4 count to decide when to begin treatment during HIV infection, although recent medical guidelines have changed to recommend treatment at all CD4 counts as soon as HIV is diagnosed. A CD4 count measures the number of T cells expressing CD4. While CD4 counts are not a direct HIV test—e.g. they do not check ...