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Skin folds or skinfolds are areas of skin that are naturally folded. Many skin folds are distinct, heritable anatomical features, and may be used for identification of animal species, while others are non-specific and may be produced either by individual development of an organism or by arbitrary application of force to skin, either by the actions of the muscles of the body or by external ...
Skin sloughing is the process of shedding dead surface cells from the skin. It is most associated with cosmetic skin maintenance via exfoliation , but can also occur biologically or for medical reasons.
In terms of surface area, the skin is the second largest organ in the human body (the inside of the small intestine is 15 to 20 times larger). For the average adult human, the skin has a surface area of 1.5–2.0 square metres (15–20 sq ft).
The vermilion border represents the change in the epidermis from highly keratinized external skin to less keratinized internal skin. It has no sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or facial hair. [2] [1] There are two reasons that the border appears red in some people: The epithelium is thin and therefore the blood vessels are closer to the surface. [7]
Cells that absorb substances need a large surface area in contact with the substance to be efficient. [7] In intestinal cells, the microvilli are referred to as brush border and are protoplasmic extensions contrary to villi which are submucosal folds, while in the kidneys, microvilli are referred to as striated border. [8]
In humans, they constitute 90% of epidermal skin cells. [1] Basal cells in the basal layer (stratum basale) of the skin are sometimes referred to as basal keratinocytes. [2] Keratinocytes form a barrier against environmental damage by heat, UV radiation, water loss, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses.
The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. [1] The epidermal layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens [2] and regulates the amount of water released from the body into the atmosphere through transepidermal water loss.
The cubital fossa, antecubital fossa, chelidon, inside of elbow, or, humorously, wagina, [1] is the area on the anterior side of the upper part between the arm and forearm of a human or other hominid animals.