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Shogi (将棋, shōgi, English: / ˈ ʃ oʊ ɡ i /, [1] Japanese:), also known as Japanese chess, is a strategy board game for two players. It is one of the most popular board games in Japan and is in the same family of games as Western chess, chaturanga, xiangqi, Indian chess, and janggi.
In shogi, only lances, rooks (or dragons), and bishops (or horses) can pin an opponent's piece. In the adjacent example, the Black's pawn at 37 is pinned by White's bishop because if the pawn were to advance to 36 then Black's rook would be captured by the bishop.
Shogi, like western chess, can be divided into the opening, middle game and endgame, each requiring a different strategy.The opening consists of arranging one's defenses and positioning for attack, the middle game consists of attempting to break through the opposing defenses while maintaining one's own, and the endgame starts when one side's defenses have been compromised.
Shogi notation is the set of various abbreviatory notational systems used to describe the piece movements of a shogi game record or the positions of pieces on a shogi board. A game record is called a 棋譜 kifu in Japanese.
A shogi opening (戦法 senpō) is the sequence of initial moves of a shogi game before the middle game. The more general Japanese term for the beginning of the game is joban ( 序盤 ) . A jōseki ( 定跡 ) is the especially recommended sequence of moves for a given opening that was considered balanced play at one point in time for both sides ...
Kyoto shogi (京都将棋, kyōto shōgi, "Kyoto chess") is a modern variant of shogi (Japanese chess). It was invented by Tamiya Katsuya c. 1976. It was invented by Tamiya Katsuya c. 1976. Kyoto shogi is played like standard shogi, but with a reduced number of pieces on a 5×5 board.
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Movement and capture are identical to standard shogi, except for check and checkmate. Each player has a full three-rank promotion zone as in standard shogi. Repetition, perpetual check, and illegal moves are also dealt with as in standard shogi. [citation needed]