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Juniperus communis, the common juniper, is a species of small tree or shrub in the cypress family Cupressaceae. An evergreen conifer , it has the largest geographical range of any woody plant , with a circumpolar distribution throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere .
Cones and leaves of Juniperus communis. Junipers vary in size and shape from tall trees, 20–40 metres (66–131 feet) tall, to columnar or low-spreading shrubs with long, trailing branches.
Juniperus communis berries vary from 4 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 inch) to 12 millimetres (1 ⁄ 2 inch) in diameter; other species are mostly similar in size, though some are larger, notably J. drupacea (20–28 mm or 3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in). The berries are green when young and mature to purple-black over about 18 months in most species ...
Juniper cones (aka juniper berries) from Juniperus communis are also important in the production of gin, along with being used to flavor foods, sauces, and preserve food. [17] Phompsis juniperovora, in wet years, is capable of killing off all seedlings. [16]
Juniperus: junipers; Juniperus ashei: Ashe's juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) 61 Juniperus chinensis: Chinese juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) Juniperus communis: common juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) Juniperus drupacea: Syrian juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family) Juniperus excelsa: Greek juniper Cupressaceae (cypress family)
Juniper: Juniperus communis: Throughout the Northern Hemisphere in North America, Europe and Asia: Berries, both immature (green) and mature (dark); inedibly bitter when raw, but used as a spice, for beverages, as a jam or roasted and ground as a coffee substitute [11] Oregon-grape: Mahonia aquifolium: North America, occasionally naturalized in ...