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The Antilocapridae are a family of ruminant artiodactyls endemic to North America.Their closest extant relatives are the giraffids. [1] Only one species, the pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), is living today; all other members of the family are extinct.
The pronghorn's closest living relatives are the giraffe and okapi. [14] The Antilocaprids are part of the infraorder Pecora, making them distant relatives of deer, bovids, and moschids. The pronghorn is the fastest land mammal in the Americas, with running speeds of up to 88.5 km/h (55 mph). It is the symbol of the American Society of ...
Unfortunately pronghorn numbers aren't anywhere near, for example, those of white-tailed deer or mule deer, so this concept is still rather in its infancy. Once sustainable herds are re-established, management plans can be implemented by the states where the animals are found.
Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge on Hart Mountain in southeastern Oregon, which protects more than 422 square miles (1,090 km 2) and more than 300 species of wildlife, including pronghorn, bighorn sheep, mule deer, sage grouse, and Great Basin redband trout.
The Baja California pronghorn was the last subspecies of pronghorn to be described, and is found on the Baja peninsula. Aerial surveys in the mid-1990s counted 117 and 151 individuals; the ground surveys results were 83, 39, and 48 individuals.
The pronghorn played a key role in the refuge's history, as approximately 94 percent of the current protected land area was originally set aside as the Charles Sheldon Antelope Range in 1936. [6] The refuge is the home of the Alvord chub , an endemic fish species of limited geographic distribution.
Living in open areas, pronghorns in general must rely on their eyesight to avoid predators, and with population numbers so low, the Sonoran pronghorn must avoid mortality at all costs. Sources of mortality come from predators, drought, and lack of feed; these sources usually affect fawns most often, and adult mortality also occurs in drought ...
The Antelope Valley gets its name from its history of pronghorn grazing in large numbers. In 1882–85, the valley lost 30,000 head of antelope, almost half of the species for which it was named. [3] Unusually heavy snows in both the mountains and the valley floor drove the antelope toward their normal feeding grounds in the eastern part of the ...