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The clearance space between a train and the tunnel is often small. Pictured is a London Underground Northern line 1995 Stock train emerging from the tunnel north of Hendon Central station. A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads.
If the difference between the two gauges is large enough – for example between 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) – three-rail dual-gauge is possible, but if not – for example between 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge – four rails must be used. Dual-gauge rail lines ...
Opening in 1825, the initial gauge of 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) was set to accommodate the existing gauge of hundreds of horse-drawn chaldron wagons [14] that were already in use on the wagonways in the mines. The railway used this gauge for 15 years before a change was made, debuting around 1850, to the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) gauge.
Standard gauge is defined both in metric and in imperial units. It is the most widely-used gauge worldwide, ab out 60% of the world uses this track. [92] 1,440 mm 4 ft 8 + 11 ⁄ 16 in: Switzerland St. Moritz–Corviglia funicular (upper section of 1,616 metres or 5,302 feet route-length only - lower section is 1,200 mm (3 ft 11 + 1 ⁄ 4 in ...
Comparison of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge (blue) and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) (red) width; the difference is 14.5 in (370 mm), or about 26 per cent of standard gauge. 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) between the inside of the rail heads, its name and classification vary worldwide and it has about 112,000 kilometres (70,000 mi) of track.
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) used by standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in), more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia.
The SAE steel grades system is a standard alloy numbering system (SAE J1086 – Numbering Metals and Alloys) for steel grades maintained by SAE International. In the 1930s and 1940s, the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) and SAE were both involved in efforts to standardize such a numbering system for steels. These efforts were similar ...
Gauge blocks (also known as gage blocks, Johansson gauges, slip gauges, or Jo blocks) are a system for producing precision lengths. The individual gauge block is a metal or ceramic block that has been precision ground and lapped to a specific thickness. Gauge blocks come in sets of blocks with a range of standard lengths.