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save critical ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem metadata to a file e2label change the label on an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem e2scrub check a filesystem "online" (i.e. without having to unmount it) in the case where the filesystem is on an LVM LV e2undo replay an undo log for an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem e4defrag online defragmenter for ext4 filesystem ...
JFS – Journaled File System – used by AIX, OS/2/eComStation/ArcaOS and Linux operating systems; ISO 9660 – Extent-based file system for optical disc media; MPE File System – the file system of the Multi-Programming Executive operating system. NTFS – used by Windows; OCFS2 – Oracle Cluster File System – a shared-disk file system ...
The reason for some limits of ext2 are the file format of the data and the operating system's kernel. Mostly these factors will be determined once when the file system is built. They depend on the block size and the ratio of the number of blocks and inodes. [citation needed] In Linux the block size is limited by the architecture page size.
Squashfs is a compressed read-only file system for Linux. Squashfs compresses files, inodes and directories, and supports block sizes from 4 KiB up to 1 MiB for greater compression. Several compression algorithms are supported. Squashfs is also the name of free software, licensed under the GPL, for accessing Squashfs filesystems.
Also the minfree setting that allocates datablocks for the filesystem and the super user processes creates a discrepancy between total blocks and the sum of used and available blocks. The minfree setting is usually set to about 5% of the total filesystem size. For more info see core utils faq.
The simplest form of free-space bitmap is a bit array, i.e. a block of bits. In this example, a zero would indicate a free sector, while a one indicates a sector in use. Each sector would be of fixed size. For explanatory purposes, we will use a 4 GiB hard drive with 4096-byte sectors and assume that the bitmap itself is stored elsewhere.
Some newer file systems, such as Btrfs and FreeBSD UFS2, attempt to solve this through techniques called block suballocation and tail merging. Other file systems such as ZFS support variable block sizes. [4] [5] Block storage is normally abstracted by a file system or database management system (DBMS) for use by
With larger disks and larger files, fragmented reads became more of a problem. To combat this, BSD originally increased the filesystem block size from one sector to 1 K in 4.0 BSD; and, in FFS, increased the filesystem block size from 1 K to 8 K. This has several effects. The chance of a file's sectors being contiguous is much greater.