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Salt has played a prominent role in determining the power and location of the world's great cities. Liverpool rose from just a small English port to become the prime exporting port for the salt dug in the great Cheshire salt mines and thus became the entrepôt for much of the world's salt in the 19th century. [5]
An ounce of salt could once be traded for an ounce of gold. Now, the idea is laughable, with the cost of gold reaching over $2,000 per ounce while 26 ounces of salt is valued at just $1.
In China, a state monopoly on salt, also known as the salt gabelle, has existed since 119 B.C and lasted until 2014, making it the world's oldest (and possibly first) state monopoly in the world. By the mid-Tang dynasty , taxes on salt brought in more than half of the government's tax revenue, and continued to be a major factor even in the 20th ...
The ancient Chinese gradually mastered and advanced the techniques of producing salt. Salt mining was an arduous task for them, as they faced geographical and technological constraints. Salt was extracted mainly from the sea, and salt works in the coastal areas in late imperial China equated to more than 80 percent of national production. [5]
Throughout its history, the royal salt mine was operated by the Żupy Krakowskie (Kraków Salt Mines) company. [3] [4] Due to falling salt prices and mine flooding, commercial salt mining was discontinued in 1996. [3] [4] The Wieliczka Salt Mine is now an official Polish Historic Monument (Pomnik Historii) and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Salt became an important article of trade and was transported by boat across the Mediterranean Sea, along specially built salt roads, and across the Sahara on camel caravans. The scarcity and universal need for salt have led nations to go to war over it and use it to raise tax revenues.
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“When salt is added to this system, the ions in salt are attracted to the water molecules in [the surface semi-liquid layer],” Viswanathan says. “The ions on the surface of the salt get ...