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Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease. [1] This article focuses on the bacteria that are pathogenic to humans. Most species of bacteria are harmless and many are beneficial but others can cause infectious diseases. The number of these pathogenic species in humans is estimated to be fewer than a hundred. [2]
Ultimately, we end up with trillions of microbes, including bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses — all of which can be either helpful or harmful to our bodies.
As microorganisms, in particular bacteria, are found virtually everywhere, harmful microorganisms may be reduced to acceptable levels rather than actually eliminated. In food preparation, microorganisms are reduced by preservation methods such as cooking, cleanliness of utensils, short storage periods, or by low temperatures.
The body is continually exposed to many species of bacteria, including beneficial commensals, which grow on the skin and mucous membranes, and saprophytes, which grow mainly in the soil and in decaying matter. The blood and tissue fluids contain nutrients sufficient to sustain the growth of many bacteria.
You see, your gut is filled with trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microbes that feed on the food you put in your body. If they’re fed well, that can be a boon for your overall health.
Drinking more milk was linked to an increase in bacteria that may support gut health, while consuming more cheese seemed to lower levels of other beneficial bacteria in a new study.
For example, some strains of E. coli benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K 2 [7] or by preventing the colonization of the intestine by harmful pathogenic bacteria. These mutually beneficial relationships between E. coli and humans are a type of mutualistic biological relationship—where both the humans and the E. coli are benefitting each ...
The healthy uterine microbiome has been identified and over 278 genera have been sequenced. Bacteria species like Fusobacterium are typically found in the uterus. [12] Although Lactobacillus may be beneficial in the vagina, “increased levels in the uterus through a breach in the cervical barrier” may be harmful to the uterus. [13]