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The Euler–Maclaurin formula provides expressions for the difference between the sum and the integral in terms of the higher derivatives f(k)(x) evaluated at the endpoints of the interval, that is to say x = m and x = n. Explicitly, for p a positive integer and a function f(x) that is p times continuously differentiable on the interval [m,n ...
Series expansion. An animation showing the cosine function being approximated by successive truncations of its Maclaurin series. In mathematics, a series expansion is a technique that expresses a function as an infinite sum, or series, of simpler functions. It is a method for calculating a function that cannot be expressed by just elementary ...
t. e. In mathematics, the Taylor series or Taylor expansion of a function is an infinite sum of terms that are expressed in terms of the function's derivatives at a single point. For most common functions, the function and the sum of its Taylor series are equal near this point.
v. t. e. In calculus, Taylor's theorem gives an approximation of a -times differentiable function around a given point by a polynomial of degree , called the -th-order Taylor polynomial. For a smooth function, the Taylor polynomial is the truncation at the order of the Taylor series of the function.
t. e. In mathematics, a series is, roughly speaking, an addition of infinitely many quantities, one after the other. [1] The study of series is a major part of calculus and its generalization, mathematical analysis. Series are used in most areas of mathematics, even for studying finite structures (such as in combinatorics) through generating ...
Two cases arise: The first case is theoretical: when you know all the coefficients then you take certain limits and find the precise radius of convergence.; The second case is practical: when you construct a power series solution of a difficult problem you typically will only know a finite number of terms in a power series, anywhere from a couple of terms to a hundred terms.
In calculus, the trapezoidal rule (also known as the trapezoid rule or trapezium rule) [a] is a technique for numerical integration, i.e., approximating the definite integral: The trapezoidal rule works by approximating the region under the graph of the function as a trapezoid and calculating its area. It follows that.
In mathematics, the Bernoulli polynomials, named after Jacob Bernoulli, combine the Bernoulli numbers and binomial coefficients. They are used for series expansion of functions, and with the Euler–MacLaurin formula. These polynomials occur in the study of many special functions and, in particular, the Riemann zeta function and the Hurwitz ...