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Cahokia Mounds / kəˈhoʊkiə / (11 MS 2) [2] is the site of a pre-Columbian Native American city (which existed c. 1050–1350 CE) [3] directly across the Mississippi River from present-day St. Louis. The state archaeology park lies in south-western Illinois between East St. Louis and Collinsville. [4]
Mound Builders. Monks Mound, built c. 950–1100 CE and located at the Cahokia Mounds UNESCO World Heritage Site near Collinsville, Illinois, is the largest pre-Columbian earthwork in America north of Mesoamerica. Many pre-Columbian cultures in North America were collectively termed " Mound Builders ", but the term has no formal meaning.
The word Cahokia has several different meanings, referring to different peoples and often leading to misconceptions and confusion. Cahokia can refer to the physical mounds, a settlement that turned into a still existing small town in Illinois, the original mound builders of Cahokia who belonged to a larger group known as the Mississippians, or the Illinois Confederation subtribe of peoples who ...
The Mississippian culture was a Native American civilization that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1600, varying regionally. It was known for building large, earthen platform mounds, and often other shaped mounds as well. [1][2] It was composed of a series of urban ...
Cahokia became the largest city north of Mesoamerica covering an area of 14.5 km 2 (5.6 sq mi) and with a population estimated at between 10,000 and 15,000 people. The fall of Cahokia about 1300 CE initiated the Middle Mississippian Culture (1300 to 1475 CE) which saw the influence of Cahokia reflected in a large number of smaller chiefdoms.
Sugarloaf Mound is the only one that remains, of the original approximately 40 mounds in St. Louis. The mounds were constructed by Native Americans that lived in the St. Louis area from about 600-1300 A.D, the same civilization that built the mounds at Cahokia. Sugarloaf Mound is on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Havana Hopewell culture was a Hopewellian people in the Illinois and Mississippi river valleys in Iowa, Illinois, and Missouri. [26] They are considered ancestral to the groups who eventually formed the Mississippian culture that built Cahokia (in present-day southwestern Illinois) and influenced the hinterlands of the Mississippi and Ohio ...
Eventually member tribes occupied an area reaching from Lake Michicigao (Michigan) to Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas. The five main tribes were the Cahokia, Kaskaskia, Michigamea, Peoria, and Tamaroa. [1] The spelling Illinois was derived from the transliteration by French explorers of iliniwe to the orthography of their own language.