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  2. Algebraic topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_topology

    Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism , though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence .

  3. Joseph J. Rotman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_J._Rotman

    Joseph J. Rotman (May 26, 1934 – October 16, 2016 [1]) was a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign [2] and also a published author of 10 textbooks. Rotman was born in Chicago. He did his undergraduate and graduate work at the University of Chicago, where he received his doctorate in 1959 with a thesis in ...

  4. Category theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_theory

    Category theory is a general theory of mathematical structures and their relations. It was introduced by Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders Mac Lane in the middle of the 20th century in their foundational work on algebraic topology. [1] Category theory is used in almost all areas of mathematics.

  5. Étale fundamental group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Étale_fundamental_group

    In algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a pointed topological space is defined as the group of homotopy classes of loops based at . This definition works well for spaces such as real and complex manifolds, but gives undesirable results for an algebraic variety with the Zariski topology. In the classification of covering spaces, it is ...

  6. Tor functor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_functor

    Tor functor. In mathematics, the Tor functors are the derived functors of the tensor product of modules over a ring. Along with the Ext functor, Tor is one of the central concepts of homological algebra, in which ideas from algebraic topology are used to construct invariants of algebraic structures.

  7. Algebraic cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_cycle

    Algebraic cycle. In mathematics, an algebraic cycle on an algebraic variety V is a formal linear combination of subvarieties of V. These are the part of the algebraic topology of V that is directly accessible by algebraic methods. Understanding the algebraic cycles on a variety can give profound insights into the structure of the variety.

  8. Solomon Lefschetz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Lefschetz

    Sylvia de Neymet. Solomon Lefschetz ForMemRS (Russian: Соломо́н Ле́фшец; 3 September 1884 – 5 October 1972) was a Russian-born American mathematician who did fundamental work on algebraic topology, its applications to algebraic geometry, and the theory of non-linear ordinary differential equations. [ 3 ][ 1 ][ 4 ][ 5 ]

  9. K-theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-theory

    K. -theory. In mathematics, K-theory is, roughly speaking, the study of a ring generated by vector bundles over a topological space or scheme. In algebraic topology, it is a cohomology theory known as topological K-theory. In algebra and algebraic geometry, it is referred to as algebraic K-theory. It is also a fundamental tool in the field of ...