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U-shaped valley with lake in Myklebustdalen, Nordfjord, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. U-shaped valleys, also called trough valleys or glacial troughs, are formed by the process of glaciation. They are characteristic of mountain glaciation in particular. [1] They have a characteristic U shape in cross-section, with steep, straight sides and a flat ...
By contrast with glacial U-shaped valleys, there is less downward and sideways erosion. The severe downslope denudation results in gently sloping valley sides; their transition to the actual valley bottom is unclear. Trough-shaped valleys occur mainly in periglacial regions and in tropical regions of variable wetness. Both climates are ...
Dell (landform) In physical geography, a dell is a grassy hollow —or dried stream bed—often partially covered in trees. [1][2] In literature, dells have pastoral connotations, frequently imagined as secluded and pleasant safe havens. The word "dell" comes from the Old English word dell, which is related to the Old English word dæl, modern ...
Erosional landforms. As the glaciers expand, due to their accumulating weight of snow and ice they crush, abrade, and scour surfaces such as rocks and bedrock.The resulting erosional landforms include striations, cirques, glacial horns, arêtes, trim lines, U-shaped valleys, roches moutonnées, overdeepenings and hanging valleys.
Limestone pavement – Natural karst landform consisting of a flat, incised surface of exposed limestone. Mesa – Elevated area of land with a flat top and sides, usually much wider than buttes. Mushroom rock – Naturally occurring rock whose shape resembles a mushroom. Natural arch – Arch-shaped natural rock formation.
Overdeepening is a characteristic of basins and valleys eroded by glaciers. An overdeepened valley profile is often eroded to depths which are hundreds of metres below the lowest continuous surface line (the thalweg) along a valley or watercourse. This phenomenon is observed under modern day glaciers, in salt-water fjords and fresh-water lakes ...
Hanging valleys are common along glaciated fjords and U-shaped valleys. A hanging valley is a tributary valley that is higher than the main valley and was created by tributary glacier flows into a glacier of larger volume. The shallower valley appears to be 'hanging' above the main valley or a fjord.
Many valleys are littered with glacial deposits from the period of glacial retreat. The most famous valley is the Lairig Ghru pass, a gouge through the centre of the mountains—a u-shaped valley, now partly filled with extensive scree produced by intense frost action during ice-free periods.