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Specialty. Pulmonology. Asthma is a common pulmonary condition defined by chronic inflammation of respiratory tubes, tightening of respiratory smooth muscle, and episodes of bronchoconstriction. [1] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that 1 in 11 children and 1 in 12 adults have asthma in the United States of America. [1]
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. [ 4 ] It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. [ 9 ][ 10 ] Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. [ 3 ]
Physiology. Bronchoconstriction is defined as the narrowing of the airways in the lungs (bronchi and bronchioles). Air flow in air passages can get restricted in three ways: [3] a spasmodic state of the smooth muscles in bronchi and bronchioles. an inflammation in the middle layers of the bronchi and bronchioles. excessive production of mucus.
Triggers for asthma attacks vary from person to person, too, although there are several common triggers. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists these common culprits : Smoke
Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction. Many obstructive diseases of the lung result from narrowing (obstruction) of the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, often because of excessive contraction of the smooth muscle itself. It is generally characterized by inflamed and easily ...
Anaphylaxis (Greek: ana- 'up' + phylaxis 'guarding') is a serious, potentially fatal allergic reaction and medical emergency that is rapid in onset and requires immediate medical attention regardless of the use of emergency medication on site. [4][5] It typically causes more than one of the following: an itchy rash, throat closing due to ...
Asthma is the most common reason for presenting to the emergency room with shortness of breath. [2] It is the most common lung disease in both developing and developed countries affecting about 5% of the population. [2] Other symptoms include wheezing, tightness in the chest, and a non productive cough. [2]
Asthma trigger. Asthma triggers are factors or stimuli that provoke the exacerbation of asthma symptoms or increase the degree of airflow disruption, which can lead to an asthma attack. [1] An asthma attack is characterized by an obstruction of the airway, hypersecretion of mucus and bronchoconstriction due to the contraction of smooth muscles ...
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