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After an angiogram, a sudden shock can cause a little pain at the surgery area, but heart attacks and strokes usually do not occur, as they may in bypass surgery. The risk of complications from angiography can be reduced with a prior CT scan by providing clinicians with more information about number and positioning of the clots in advance.
Thromboangiitis obliterans, also known as Buerger disease (English / ˈ b ɜːr ɡ ər /; German: [ˈbʏʁɡɐ]) or Winiwarter-Buerger disease, is a recurring progressive inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of small and medium arteries and veins of the hands and feet.
The deep femoral artery is a large and important branch that arises from the lateral side of the femoral artery about 1.5 in. (4 cm) below the inguinal ligament. It passes medially behind the femoral vessels and enters the medial fascial compartment of the thigh .
On inspection the clinician looks for signs of: trauma; previous surgery ()muscle wasting/muscle asymmetry; edema (swelling) erythema (redness); ulcers – arterial ulcers tend to be on the borders / sides of the foot, neuropathic ulcers on the plantar surface of the foot, venous ulcers tend on be on the medial aspect of the leg superior to the medial malleolus.
Angiography provides important information regarding the perfusion and patency of distal arteries (e.g. femoral artery). The presence of collateral arteries in the pelvic and groin area is important in maintaining crucial blood flow and lower limb viability. However, angiography should only be used if symptoms warrant surgical intervention. [2]
Performing a cerebral angiogram by gaining access through the femoral artery or radial artery is feasible in order to treat cerebral aneurysms with a number of devices [12] Certain conditions such as contrast allergy, renal insufficiency, and coagulation disorders are contraindicated in this procedure. [8]
A blocked femoral artery reduces the blood flow to the areas of the thigh and calf, causing the pain that leads to claudication. [8] Severe pain caused by claudication can lead to a person having very restricted ability to move, and pain while resting is often a sign that the condition has worsened.
In the legs, bypass grafting is used to treat peripheral vascular disease, acute limb ischemia, aneurysms and trauma.While there are many anatomical arrangements for vascular bypass grafts in the lower extremities depending on the location of the disease, the principle is the same: to restore blood flow to an area without normal flow.