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Between the two buffer regions there is an end-point, or equivalence point, at about pH 3. This end-point is not sharp and is typical of a diprotic acid whose buffer regions overlap by a small amount: pK a2 − pK a1 is about three in this example. (If the difference in pK values were about two or less, the end-point would not be noticeable ...
The Edwards equation in organic chemistry is a two-parameter equation for correlating nucleophilic reactivity, as defined by relative rate constants, with the basicity of the nucleophile (relative to protons) and its polarizability. This equation was first developed by John O. Edwards in 1954 [1] and later revised based on additional work in ...
The bicarbonate ion (hydrogencarbonate ion) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO − 3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens.
This relationship can be described by a dissociation constant, which characterizes the balance between bound and unbound states for the protein-ligand system. [1] In the context of a single enzyme and a pair of binding molecules, the two ligands can be compared as stronger or weaker ligands (for the enzyme) on the basis of their dissociation ...
The "number of basic sites per unit surface area of the solid" is used to express how much basic strength is found on a solid base catalyst. [15] Scientists have developed two methods to measure the amount of basic sites: one, titration with benzoic acid using indicators and gaseous acid adsorption. [15]
This molecule has several very interesting properties; one is its very high basicity; another is its spectroscopic properties. With a p K a of 12.34 [ 4 ] for its conjugate acid in aqueous solution, 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene is one of the strongest organic bases.
MO diagram depicting the formation of a dative covalent bond between two atoms The concept originated with Gilbert N. Lewis who studied chemical bonding . In 1923, Lewis wrote An acid substance is one which can employ an electron lone pair from another molecule in completing the stable group of one of its own atoms.
In chemistry a donor number (DN) is a quantitative measure of Lewis basicity.A donor number is defined as the negative enthalpy value for the 1:1 adduct formation between a Lewis base and the standard Lewis acid SbCl 5 (antimony pentachloride), in dilute solution in the noncoordinating solvent 1,2-dichloroethane with a zero DN.