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The value of the pK a changes with temperature and can be understood qualitatively based on Le Châtelier's principle: when the reaction is endothermic, K a increases and pK a decreases with increasing temperature; the opposite is true for exothermic reactions. The value of pK a also depends on
These values below are pK a values determined in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), which has a broader useful range (~0 to ~35) than values determined in water (~0 to ~14) and better reflect the basicity of the carbanions in typical organic solvents. Values below less than 0 or greater than 35 are indirectly estimated; hence, the numerical accuracy of ...
1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, or more commonly DBU, is a chemical compound and belongs to the class of amidine compounds. It is used in organic synthesis as a catalyst, a complexing ligand, and a non-nucleophilic base. [3]
Triethylamine is the chemical compound with the formula N(CH 2 CH 3) 3, commonly abbreviated Et 3 N. Like triethanolamine and tetraethylammonium , it is often abbreviated TEA. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] It is a colourless volatile liquid with a strong fishy odor reminiscent of ammonia .
compounds of O, S, Se and Te in oxidation state −2, including water, ethers, ketones; The most common Lewis bases are anions. The strength of Lewis basicity correlates with the pK a of the parent acid: acids with high pK a 's give good Lewis bases. As usual, a weaker acid has a stronger conjugate base.
A compound which is a weak acid in water may become a strong acid in DMSO. Acetic acid is an example of such a substance. An extensive bibliography of values in solution in DMSO and other solvents can be found at Acidity–Basicity Data in Nonaqueous Solvents.
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The higher the proton affinity, the stronger the base and the weaker the conjugate acid in the gas phase.The (reportedly) strongest known base is the ortho-diethynylbenzene dianion (E pa = 1843 kJ/mol), [3] followed by the methanide anion (E pa = 1743 kJ/mol) and the hydride ion (E pa = 1675 kJ/mol), [4] making methane the weakest proton acid [5] in the gas phase, followed by dihydrogen.