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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 March 2025. Long-term brain disorders causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior This article is about the cognitive disorder. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). "Senile" and "Demented" redirect here. For other uses, see Senile (disambiguation) and Demented (disambiguation). Medical ...
Histopathologic images of Alzheimer's disease, in the CA3 area of the hippocampus, showing an amyloid plaque (top right), neurofibrillary tangles (bottom left), and granulovacuolar degeneration bodies (bottom center) Alzheimer's disease is characterised by loss of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex and certain subcortical regions.
The term young onset dementia is becoming more widely used to avoid the potential confusion between early onset dementia and early stage dementia. This term is now used as presenile dementia which is a historical term of people diagnosed with dementia from a younger age of 51 years old. This is caused by an atypical arteriosclerosis of the brain.
Frontotemporal dementia; Brain MRI of a 65-year-old woman with frontotemporal dementia. Cortical and white matter atrophy of the frontal lobes is clear in all images. Specialty: Psychiatry, neurology: Causes: frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Erosion and changes in the form of river banks may be measured by inserting metal rods into the bank and marking the position of the bank surface along the rods at different times. [23] Thermal erosion is the result of melting and weakening permafrost due to moving water. [24] It can occur both along rivers and at the coast.
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of dementia, a group of diseases involving progressive neurodegeneration of the central nervous system. [11] It is one of the two Lewy body dementias, along with Parkinson's disease dementia. [12] Dementia with Lewy bodies can be classified in other ways.
Dementia can be categorized as reversible (e.g. thyroid disease) or irreversible (e.g. Alzheimer's disease). [12] Currently, there are more than 35 million people with dementia worldwide. In the United States alone the number of people affected by dementia is striking at 3.8 million. [13]
People with dementia are more likely to have problems with incontinence; they are three times more likely to have urinary and four times more likely to have fecal incontinence compared to people of similar ages. [62] [63] This can have a profound impact on the dignity and quality of life of people with dementia and their caregivers. [62] [64]