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Diamond is the hardest known material to date, with a Vickers hardness in the range of 70–150 GPa. Diamond demonstrates both high thermal conductivity and electrically insulating properties, and much attention has been put into finding practical applications of this material.
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Diamond was the hardest known naturally occurring mineral when the scale was designed, and defines the top of the scale, arbitrarily set at 10. The hardness of a material is measured against the scale by finding the hardest material that the given material can scratch, or the softest material that can scratch the given material.
The densest substance in the universe. The walls of the Legion Clubhouse are composed of an inertron alloy. Inoson E. E. Smith's SkyLark series: A synthetic metal; has "the theoretical ultimate in strength possible for any material possessing molecular structure". Much superior to the Dagal of the Urvanians or the Arenak of the Osnomians. [17 ...
The precise tensile strength of bulk diamond is little known; however, compressive strength up to 60 GPa has been observed, and it could be as high as 90–100 GPa in the form of micro/nanometer-sized wires or needles (~ 100–300 nm in diameter, micrometers long), with a corresponding maximum tensile elastic strain in excess of 9%.
Superconductor: Material produced from a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain substances when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. Superconductivity is the ground state of many elemental metals. Superconductors come in multiple varieties:
It is one of the hardest known materials, along with various forms of diamond and other kinds of boron nitride. Borazon is a crystal created by heating equal quantities of boron and nitrogen at temperatures greater than 1800 °C (3300 °F) at 7 GPa (1 million lbf/in 2 ).
118 chemical elements have been identified and named officially by IUPAC.A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z).