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Keys of various sizes for winding up mainsprings on clocks Mechanism of a Wall Clock, Ansonia Co. 1904. The stored amounts of energy used by a given piece during its operation is often housed within it; this frequently happens via a winding device that applies mechanical stress to an energy-storage mechanism such as a mainspring, thus involving some form of escapement.
Ansonia Clock model mechanism: c. 1904. The mechanism which runs a mechanical clock is called the movement. The movements of all mechanical pendulum clocks have these five parts: [27] A power source; either a weight on a cord or chain that turns a pulley or sprocket, or a mainspring.
In Europe, between 1280 and 1320, there was an increase in the number of references to clocks and horologes in church records, and this probably indicates that a new type of clock mechanism had been devised. Existing clock mechanisms that used water power were being adapted to take their driving power from falling weights.
It is believed that sometime in the late 13th century the verge escapement mechanism was applied to tower clocks, creating the first mechanical escapement clock. [11] In spite of the fact that these clocks were celebrated objects of civic pride which were written about at the time, it may never be known when the new escapement was first used. [13]
In horology, "caliber" refers to the specific internal mechanism of a watch or clock, also known as a movement. Although the term originally was only used to refer to the size of a movement, it is now used to designate a specific model (although the same caliber can be used in many different watches or clocks).
Records in financial transactions for the construction of clocks point to the late 13th century as the most likely date for when tower clock mechanisms transitioned from water clocks to mechanical escapements. [23]: 103-104 [24] Most sources agree that mechanical escapement clocks existed by 1300. [25] [26]