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  2. Secretary problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_problem

    The secretary problem demonstrates a scenario involving optimal stopping theory [1] [2] that is studied extensively in the fields of applied probability, statistics, and decision theory. It is also known as the marriage problem , the sultan's dowry problem , the fussy suitor problem , the googol game , and the best choice problem .

  3. Word problem (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_problem_(mathematics)

    For example, if a is some element of X, then a ∨ 1 = 1 and a ∧ 1 = a. The word problem for free bounded lattices is the problem of determining which of these elements of W ( X ) denote the same element in the free bounded lattice FX , and hence in every bounded lattice.

  4. Optimal stopping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_stopping

    Stopping rule problems are associated with two objects: A sequence of random variables ,, …, whose joint distribution is something assumed to be known; A sequence of 'reward' functions () which depend on the observed values of the random variables in 1:

  5. 37 (number) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/37_(number)

    [2] 37 is the smallest non-supersingular prime in moonshine theory. 37 is also an emirp because it remains prime when its digits are reversed. The secretary problem is also known as the 37% rule, since 1 e ≈ 37 % {\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{e}}\approx 37\%} .

  6. Collatz conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture

    As an illustration of this, the parity cycle (1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0) and its sub-cycle (1 1 0 0) are associated to the same fraction ⁠ 5 / 7 ⁠ when reduced to lowest terms. In this context, assuming the validity of the Collatz conjecture implies that (1 0) and (0 1) are the only parity cycles generated by positive whole numbers (1 and 2 ...

  7. Word problem (mathematics education) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_problem_(mathematics...

    For instance, if the one solving the math word problem has a limited understanding of the language (English, Spanish, etc.) they are more likely to not understand what the problem is even asking. In Example 1 (above), if one does not comprehend the definition of the word "spent," they will misunderstand the entire purpose of the word problem.

  8. Continued fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continued_fraction

    where c 1 = ⁠ 1 / a 1 ⁠, c 2 = ⁠ a 1 / a 2 ⁠, c 3 = ⁠ a 2 / a 1 a 3 ⁠, and in general c n+1 = ⁠ 1 / a n+1 c n ⁠. Second, if none of the partial denominators b i are zero we can use a similar procedure to choose another sequence { d i } to make each partial denominator a 1:

  9. Travelling salesman problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelling_salesman_problem

    1) An ant chooses a path among all possible paths and lays a pheromone trail on it. 2) All the ants are travelling on different paths, laying a trail of pheromones proportional to the quality of the solution. 3) Each edge of the best path is more reinforced than others. 4) Evaporation ensures that the bad solutions disappear.