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Through evolutionary time, sharks specifically have developed a suite of adaptive agonistic behaviours to communicate their intentions during such conflict. [1] Sharks display recognizable sequences of behaviour, which mimic the initial phases of their fight sequence, to signal their degree of agitation, along with their intent to fight.
A shark will normally make one swift attack and then retreat to wait for the victim to die or weaken from shock and blood loss, before returning to feed. This protects the shark from injury from a wounded and aggressive target; it also allows humans time to get out of the water and survive. [20]
Humans, 2 million years, even the ancestor of chimps and ourselves only takes it back to 6 million years ago, while sharks go back an incredible 450 million years.
Horn sharks are innocuous towards humans. Under normal circumstances, horn sharks are harmless to humans and can readily be approached underwater. [3] However, they can be provoked into biting, and some pugnacious individuals have been known to chase and bite divers after being harassed. [6]
In addition, coastal features like rip tides and strong currents pose a greater risk to beachgoers than sharks. The odds of being killed by a shark in the U.S. are 4,332,817 to 1.
Sand sharks are not known to attack humans. If a person were to provoke a sand shark, it may retaliate defensively. Sand sharks are generally not aggressive, but harass divers who are spearfishing. In North America, wreck divers regularly visit the World War II shipwrecks to dive with the sharks that make the wrecks their home. [8]
Many grey reef sharks have a home range on a specific area of the reef, to which they will return time and again. However, they are not territorial but rather quite social. During the day, these sharks often form aggregations of 5–20 individuals near coral reef drop-offs, and then split up in the evening as the sharks begin to hunt.
Kinsler says the reality of any day at the beach is: There are very often sharks around you, and you just don't know it. "People are in and around sharks when they're swimming just off the shore ...