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Evidence shows that education and intelligence have a complex interaction, and this is demonstrated in a longitudinal study by Richards and Sacker. [9] They collected data from the British 1946 birth cohort and investigated how childhood intelligence was predictive of other outcomes later in life including educational attainment and mental ability at 53 years old (using the National Adult ...
"How Much Can We Boost IQ and Achievement?" is a 1969 article by Arthur Jensen published in the Harvard Educational Review. [1] Controversy over the article led to the coining of the term Jensenism , [ 2 ] defined as the theory that IQ is largely determined by genes, including racial heritage. [ 3 ]
For example, statistics from 1993 indicate that in the U.S., Black students represented 16.2% of public school students, but only constituted 8.4% of students enrolled in gifted education programs. Similarly, while Hispanic students represented 9% of public school students, these students only represented 4.7% of those identified as gifted. [ 55 ]
Higher IQ leads to greater success in education, [52] but independently, education raises IQ scores. [53] A 2017 meta-analysis suggests education increases IQ by 1–5 points per year of education, or at least increases IQ test-taking ability.
A study giving such supplementation to "working class", primarily Hispanic, 6–12-year-old children in the United States for 3 months found an average increase of 2 to 3 IQ points. Most of this can be explained by the very large increase of a subgroup of the children, presumably because these were not adequately nourished unlike the majority.
Intelligence and How to Get It: Why Schools and Cultures Count is a 2009 book about human intelligence by Richard Nisbett, a professor of social psychology at the University of Michigan. The book challenges the hereditarians ' argument that IQ is entirely or almost entirely heritable, and argues that nonhereditary factors play a more ...
IQ and educational attainment are strongly correlated (estimates range form .40 to over .60. [11]) There is controversy, however, as to whether education affects intelligence – it may be both a dependent and independent variable with regard to IQ. [4] A study by Ceci illustrates the numerous ways in which education can affect intelligence.
Cognitive test scores predict educational performance better than they predict any other outcome, and cognitive testing is pervasive in academics [citation needed].Central policy issues concern the proper role of testing in assessing educational quality and in college admission; efforts to characterize and close the educational achievement gap between racial and socioeconomic groups in the US ...