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  2. State of matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_matter

    The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but it is possible for a single compound to form different phases that are in the same state of matter. For example, ice is the solid state of water, but there are multiple phases of ice with different crystal structures , which are formed at different pressures and temperatures.

  3. List of states of matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_of_matter

    Such states of matter are studied in condensed matter physics. ... Crystalline solid: A solid in which atoms, molecules, or ions are packed in regular order.

  4. Liquid crystal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_crystal

    Liquid crystal (LC) is a state of matter whose properties are between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals.For example, a liquid crystal can flow like a liquid, but its molecules may be oriented in a common direction as in a solid.

  5. Crystal structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure

    Liquid crystal – a state of matter with properties of both conventional liquids and crystals Patterson function – a function used to solve the phase problem in X-ray crystallography Periodic table (crystal structure) – (for elements that are solid at standard temperature and pressure) gives the crystalline structure of the most ...

  6. Time crystal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_crystal

    In condensed matter physics, a time crystal is a quantum system of particles whose lowest-energy state is one in which the particles are in repetitive motion. The system cannot lose energy to the environment and come to rest because it is already in its quantum ground state.

  7. Phases of ice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phases_of_ice

    The phases of ice are all possible states of matter for water as a solid. Variations in pressure and temperature give rise to different phases, which have varying properties and molecular geometries. Currently, twenty one phases, including both crystalline and amorphous ices have been observed. In modern history, phases have been discovered ...

  8. Crystal growth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_growth

    The action of crystal growth yields a crystalline solid whose atoms or molecules are close packed, with fixed positions in space relative to each other. The crystalline state of matter is characterized by a distinct structural rigidity and very high resistance to deformation (i.e. changes of shape and/or volume).

  9. Crystal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal

    A crystal or crystalline solid is a ... of amorphous or glassy matter is common. Other crystalline ... and inducing recrystallization in the solid state. ...