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A cardinal (Latin: Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis; lit. ' cardinal of the Holy Roman Church ') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. They are titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, thereby serving as the primary advisors to the Bishop of Rome (the Pope).
Cardinals are informally addressed as "Cardinal" followed by their names; for example, "Cardinal Juan". Unlike in the United States, Ireland or Commonwealth nations, the name of a cardinal is always inscribed in the formula first name, "Cardinal", and last name; for example, "Juan Cardinal de la Cruz", similar to the syntax in German.
Teodolfo Mertel, who died in 1899, was the last non-priest cardinal. In 1962, Pope John XXIII made it a rule that a man who has been nominated a cardinal is required to be consecrated a bishop, if not one already, [53] but some ask for and obtain dispensation from this requirement. It is rare that the Pope will appoint Cardinals who are priests ...
Taking this one stage further, the clue word can hint at the word or words to be abbreviated rather than giving the word itself. For example: "About" for C or CA (for "circa"), or RE. "Say" for EG, used to mean "for example". More obscure clue words of this variety include: "Model" for T, referring to the Model T.
Cardinal "His Eminence", "Your Eminence" A member of the college of cardinals, given secondary incardination to the Church of Rome and therefore as electors of the bishop of Rome (pope). An adjunct honor and responsibility on top of their primary office (as arch/bishop of a diocese, president of a dicastery, nuncio, etc) Major Archbishop
By the papacy of Sixtus V (1585–1590), the number was set at seventy on 3 December 1586, divided among fourteen cardinal-deacons, fifty cardinal-priests, and six cardinal-bishops. [ 5 ] Popes respected that limit until Pope John XXIII increased the number of cardinals several times to 88 in January 1961 [ 15 ] and Pope Paul VI continued this ...
For Catholic and Anglican priests, use "priest" rather than "clergyman". The disambiguation term should indicate the highest level attained in the hierarchical structure of the church. For example, in the Catholic Church, "cardinal" would be preferred over "bishop", and "bishop" over "priest".
A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese.By definition, a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop, the tradition of the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches is that he be ordained for a specific place.