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The word Mafia was then used to refer to the defenders of Palermo during the Sicilian Vespers against rule of the Capetian House of Anjou on 30 March 1282. [15] mafyaʾ (مفيء), meaning 'place of shade'. The word shade meaning refuge or derived from refuge. [16]
The First Mafia War was the first high-profile conflict between Mafia clans in post-war Italy (the Sicilian Mafia has a long history of violent rivalries). In 1962, mafia boss Cesare Manzella organized a drug shipment to the United States with the help of two Sicilian clans, the Grecos and the La Barberas.
The American Mafia, [23] [24] [25] commonly referred to in North America as the Italian-American Mafia, the Mafia, or the Mob, [23] [24] [25] is a highly organized Italian-American criminal society and organized crime group.
Derived from the Greek word andragathía (meaning courage or loyalty), the 'Ndrangheta formed in the 1890s in Calabria. The 'Ndrangheta consists of 160 cells and approximately 6,000 members, although worldwide estimates put core membership at around 10,000. [26] The group specializes in political corruption and cocaine trafficking.
Structure of a Mafia crime family. In the American and Sicilian Mafia, a made man is a fully initiated member of the Mafia. To become "made", an associate first must be Italian or of Italian descent and sponsored by another made man. An inductee will be required to take the oath of omertà, the Mafia code of silence and code of honor.
The Gambino crime family (pronounced [ɡamˈbiːno]) is an Italian-American Mafia crime family and one of the "Five Families" that dominate organized crime activities in New York City, within the nationwide criminal phenomenon known as the American Mafia.
The new Red Hook rulers called themselves la Mano Nera – the Black Hands – and it had no shortage of willing conscripts.. When local young men were sucked into the underworld, it was usually ...
The Origin of Organized Crime in America:the New York City Mafia, 1891-1931. London: Routledge, 2008. ISBN 978-0-415-99030-1; Dash, Mike. The First Family: Terror, Extortion and the Birth of the American Mafia. London, Simon & Schuster, 2009. Asbury, Herbert. The Gangs of New York. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1928. ISBN 1-56025-275-8; Sifakis, Carl.