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Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. [1] [2] [3] The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in which it appears. [4]
Conservative and Christian media organizations and American conservative figures are influential, and American conservatism is a large and mainstream ideology in the Republican Party and nation. As of 2021, 36 percent of Americans consider themselves conservative according to polling by Gallup, Inc. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
billionaire donor to conservative organizations [140] Sheldon Adelson: 1933–2021 billionaire donor to conservative political candidates [141] Jerry Falwell: 1933–2007 televangelist [142] [143] Charles G. Koch: 1935– billionaire industrialist and donor to conservative organizations and candidates [138] [144] Foster Friess: 1940–2021
Seeking a more positive definition, the Conservative Political Action Conference, or CPAC, defines conservatism as "the political philosophy that sovereignty resides in the person.
The second movement was conservative Whiggism. Examples of conservative Whigs include Cadwallader Colden, the De Lancey family of New York, and Richard Bland. Whig ideas dominated colonial politics, and Whig philosophers, such as John Locke (1632–1704) and other apologists of the Glorious Revolution of 1688, were widely read.
This timeline of modern American conservatism lists important events, developments and occurrences that have affected conservatism in the United States. With the decline of the conservative wing of the Democratic Party after 1960, the movement is most closely associated with the Republican Party (GOP).
Pre-Trump American conservatism was dedicated to a few fundamental propositions: limited government, cultural traditionalism, antiabortion politics, fiscal rectitude and free market economics.
Many countries have political parties that are deemed to represent conservative, center-right, right wing, or Tory views, and which may be referred to informally as conservative parties even if not explicitly named so. Those parties are listed below, many of which are members of the International Democracy Union.