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The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian offensive during World War II. In four days of urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg, present day Kaliningrad, Russia.
No. 5 Group carried out the first RAF attack on Königsberg on the night of 26/27 August 1944, using 174 Avro Lancasters. The target, which was at the extreme range for the planes, demanded a round trip of 1,900 miles (3,100 km) from bases in England.
Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z ˌ b ɜːr ɡ /; German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ, lit. ' King's mountain ', Polish: Królewiec, Lithuanian: Karaliaučius, Baltic Prussian: Kunnegsgarbs, Russian: Кёнигсберг, romanized: Kyonigsberg) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
A Terrible Revenge: The Ethnic Cleansing of the East European Germans, 1944–1950, 1994, ISBN 0-312-12159-8; Duffy, Christopher (1993). Red Storm on the Reich: The Soviet March on Germany, 1945. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-415-03589-9. Glantz, David M. The Soviet‐German War 1941–45: Myths and Realities: A Survey Essay; Hitchcock, William I.
Following the bombing of Königsberg by the Allies in the Second World War in 1944, the castle completely burnt down. [5] However, the thick walls were able to withstand both the aerial bombing and Soviet artillery , as well as urban fighting in April 1945, allowing the ruins of the castle to stay standing.
Demolition of the Bell tower with explosives, 1959. The Bell tower in Königsberg (built by the architect Stüler) was a bell tower of the Schlosskirche (Königsberg).After being largely destroyed in World War II by Allied Forces and then annexed by the Soviet Union thereafter, the city was renamed Kaliningrad, and few traces of the former Königsberg remain today.
Location of Metgethen, showing the Königsberg defenses and the Soviet attack of 6–9 April 1945. During the Battle of Königsberg in 1945, Soviet forces attacking from the north of the Samland peninsula, reached the Vistula Lagoon to the west of Königsberg on January 30, taking Metgethen in the process, a village with a railway station.
The Wehrkreise after the Anschluss Map of the Wehrkreise in 1943-1944. The military districts, also known in some English-language publications by their German name as Wehrkreise (singular: Wehrkreis), [1]: 27–40 were administrative territorial units in Nazi Germany before and during World War II. The task of military districts was the ...